During the American Revolution, as the nation was forming and the fight for independence was ongoing, George Washington made a bold move. On August 7, 1782, General Washington established the Badge of Military Merit at his headquarters in Newburgh, New York. This heart-shaped badge, crafted from purple silk and edged in silver, features a single word: “Merit.” It was designed to honor the unsung heroes of the Continental Army—those who exhibited extraordinary service, regardless of their rank or command.

Washington understood that the army’s morale was dwindling. Supplies were scarce, victories were hard-earned, and many soldiers had served without recognition. The badge they received was a rare and poignant reminder of their sacrifice, representing something more profound than glory or medals. Only three men were awarded this honor: Elijah Churchill, William Brown, and Daniel Bissell Jr. They were the only documented recipients of the original badge, and their names were recorded in a “Book of Merit,” which unfortunately has been lost to history. Then, the award faded into obscurity.

It would take nearly 150 years for the Purple Heart to be reintroduced. In 1932, on the 200th anniversary of George Washington’s birth, General Douglas MacArthur revived the concept. The modern Purple Heart was created, inspired by Washington’s original design. It is now made of metal and features the general’s profile and coat of arms. The criteria for receiving the award had also changed.

The New Purple Heart

No longer just for “meritorious action,” the new version honored those wounded or killed in battle. Over time, it became one of the most revered symbols of military sacrifice.

• World War II alone saw over 1 million Purple Hearts awarded. It honored the blood shed for freedom, from the beaches of Normandy to the Pacific islands.
• It’s still awarded today. Soldiers injured by enemy action in places like Iraq and Afghanistan continue to receive it. It remains the oldest active military decoration in U.S. history.

What began as a small, hand-stitched purple badge has evolved into a sacred emblem. It represents stories of bravery, pain, and patriotism. Although George Washington never lived to see the medal that bears his image, his vision continues to endure.